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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2023
  • Volume: 

    20
  • Issue: 

    140
  • Pages: 

    16-27
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    77
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Today, many different methods are applied for the correct use of foods and to prevent their deterioration. Ensuring healthy conditions for people in food consumption and consumption of healthy foods is very important for human welfare. In this study, food spoilage, the factors that cause food spoilage, its effects on a global basis, food transport systems (cold chain) and measures that prevent or delay food spoilage are discussed.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2017
  • Volume: 

    4
  • Issue: 

    4
  • Pages: 

    299-306
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2551
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

Background: Nowadays food processing technology to extend life or improve the appearance, composition, texture, taste, color, smell, and nutrition value of the food is brought to the use of food additives. A significant increase in the use of synthetic colors and additives in addition to stimulate appetite and food palatability and improve its appearance and hide flaws food, it may lead to probable dangerous side effects in consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and frequency of unauthorized and synthetic dyes consumption in supplied food of city Nazarabad Township.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the measure of synthetic dye in dried sweets, raw barbecue chicken and barbecue chicken sauce of confectionaries, food shops, and restaurants of the Nazarabad Township was studied. A total of 25 random samples of the existing units based on the highest probability was taken and were transferred to the food laboratory. After extraction probable dye, the measure of the dye were quantified using chromatography. Then, the Food Colorings were compared with the national standard.Results: According to the obtained results, 88% and 12% of the total samples were contained unauthorized synthetic and authorized synthetic dyes, respectively. The amount of 92.58% of the dried sweets samples, 81.18% of the raw barbecue chicken and barbecue chicken sauce samples were used unauthorized synthetic dyes, and 7.14% of dried sweets samples and 18.18% of the raw barbecue chicken and barbecue chicken sauce samples were used authorized synthetic dyes, respectively.Conclusion: the results show that the frequency use of synthetic dyes might be due to lack of health knowledge and safety of food vendors, low price and easy access of dyes.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    6
  • Issue: 

    3
  • Pages: 

    203-213
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    222
  • Downloads: 

    167
Abstract: 

Background: Today, due to increasing usage of dyes in various industrials and their destructive effects on health and environment, it is necessary to remove them from industrial wastes. Although there are few studies on the use of rice bran modified with polyaniline (RB/PANI) for removal of different dyes, but the effect of this adsorbent on the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the removal of AO7 dye by RB/PANI as an adsorbent. Methods: The adsorbent characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Also, the adsorbent surface area was measured by Brunauer– Emmett– Teller (BET) technique. The method of one-factor-at-a-time was used to optimize various factors including pH, temperature, and adsorbent dosage. Results: The optimal values for the factors affecting AO7 dye removal were calculated. It was revealed that the maximum dye removal was obtained at pH = 3, temperature = 25˚ C, dye concentration = 30 mg/L, adsorbent dosage = 30 mg/L, and contact time= 60 minutes. The maximum removal percentage for RB/PANI was 97. 13%. It was also revealed that Langmuir isotherm is the best fitted isotherm model. Conclusion: According to the results, the polyaniline-modified rice bran could be used as an excellent adsorbent for the removal of AO7 from aqueous solutions. The maximum dye removal efficiency for AO7 was obtained at pH = 3. Also, it was revealed that AO7 dye removal follows the pseudo-secondorder kinetic model and it is a spontaneous process.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2022
  • Volume: 

    11
  • Issue: 

    4
  • Pages: 

    213-219
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    32
  • Downloads: 

    19
Abstract: 

Introduction: Denture cleansers effectively reduce plaque formation,nonetheless, there is a dearth of studies on their efficiency in stain removal and the reduction of multispecies biofilms. The present study aimed to determine the ability of different denture cleansers to remove different stains. Methods: A total of 90 central incisors with A1 color were randomly assigned to three groups. Specimens were immersed into three staining solutions (black tea, coffee, and wine). After staining, colorimetry measurements were made, and specimens were immersed in denture cleansers (Protefix Active Cleanser and Aktident Cleansing Tablet) or tap water (control). Color difference (Δ, E*ab) was determined after two, four, and six months (n=10). Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Dunn's multiple comparison test at the %95 confidence level. Results: There was no significant difference between the stain removal efficacy of denture cleansers and the control group for all staining solutions. When the Δ, E*ab values were compared according to different time periods, specimens exposed to three different staining solutions and cleaned by denture cleaners and tap water showed no significant difference (P>0. 05). In all time periods, teeth exposed to tea and immersed in the Protefix demonstrated higher color difference values (Δ, E*ab>5. 5). Color differences of all groups were perceptible to the eye (Δ, E*ab>1. 8). There were no significant differences among denture cleansers in different time periods (P>0. 05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference among the denture cleansers regarding stain removal capacity. The soaking time of stained artificial teeth in denture cleansers did not change their color.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2021
  • Volume: 

    8
  • Issue: 

    1
  • Pages: 

    25-32
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    191
  • Downloads: 

    64
Abstract: 

Background: Recently, concerns have been raised regarding the environmental and public health safety of azo dyes, the most widely used synthetic dyes. The membrane technique has been introduced as one of the efficient methods for dye removal treatments. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane manipulated by surfactants was studied for removal of the azo dye, carmoisine. Methods: PVDF membrane was prepared via non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) and used to remove the azo dye, carmoisine. Three nonionic surfactants including Tween 20, Tween 60, and Tween 80 were used individually as additives in casting solutions to improve PVDF membrane properties. Results: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) demonstrated the presence of functional groups of carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (OH), assigned to Tween molecules, in the membrane chemical structure. All Tween species caused a decrease in the surface hydrophobicity of PVDF membranes illustrated by the reduced contact angles. Each Tween at a 2% concentration in the dope solution led to an increase in the pore-size of PVDF membranes, which was estimated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, this impact was reversed at Tween concentrations of 4%. Membranes were assessed for dye removal efficiency and permeate flux in a cross-flow system. Permeability of PVDF membranes improved (~78%) with adding Tween 80 at a concentration of 2%. Tween 60 at a 2% concentration resulted in a ~45% increase in dye removal efficiency of PVDF membranes. And, atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that Tween 60 increased membrane surface roughness. Conclusion: Surfactant-mediated changes in the surface properties of PVDF membrane improved dye removal efficacy.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    3
  • Issue: 

    7-8
  • Pages: 

    18-25
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    157
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

ZARABIZADEH H.

Journal: 

Scientia Iranica

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2009
  • Volume: 

    16
  • Issue: 

    1 ( TRANSACTIONS D: COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING)
  • Pages: 

    1-7
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    360
  • Downloads: 

    164
Abstract: 

We study the problem of online Coloring co-interval graphs. In this problem, a set of intervals on the real line is presented to the algorithm, one at a time, and upon receiving each interval I, the algorithm must assign I a color different from the colors of all previously presented intervals not intersecting I. The objective is to use as few colors as possible. It is known that the competitive ratio of the simple FIRST-FIT algorithm on the class of co-interval graphs is at most 2. We show that for the class of unit co-interval graphs, where all intervals have equal length, the 2-bound on the competitive ratio of FIRST-FIT is tight. On the other hand, we show that no deterministic online algorithm for Coloring unit co-interval graphs can be better than 3/2-competitive. We then study the effect of randomization on our problem and show a lower bound of 4/3 on the competitive ratio of any randomized algorithm for the unit co-interval Coloring problem. We also prove that for the class of general co-interval graphs, no randomized algorithm has a competitive ratio better than 3/2.

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Author(s): 

RAMEZANI FARZANEH

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2019
  • Volume: 

    8
  • Issue: 

    4
  • Pages: 

    1-9
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    129
  • Downloads: 

    56
Abstract: 

Please click on PDF to view the abstract.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2025
  • Volume: 

    10
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    335-354
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    19
  • Downloads: 

    0
Abstract: 

For a graph $G(V,E)$ which is undirected, simple, and finite, we denote by $|V|$ and $|E|$ the cardinality of the vertex set $V$ and the edge set $E$ of $G$, respectively. A \textit{graceful labeling} $f$ for the graph $G$ is an injective function ${f}:V\rightarrow \{0,1,2,..., |E|\}$ such that $\{|f(u)-f(v)|:uv\in E\}=\{1,2,...,|E|\}$. A graph that has a graceful-labeling is called \textit{graceful} graph. A vertex (resp. edge) Coloring is an assignment of color (positive integer) to every vertex (resp. edge) of $G$ such that any two adjacent vertices (resp. edges) have different colors. A \textit{graceful Coloring} of $G$ is a vertex Coloring $c: V\rightarrow \{1,2,\ldots, k\},$ for some positive integer $k$, which induces edge Coloring $|c(u)-c(v)|$, $uv\in E$. If $c$ also satisfies additional property that every induced edge color is odd, then the Coloring $c$ is called an \textit{odd-graceful Coloring} of $G$. If an odd-graceful Coloring $c$ exists for $G$, then the smallest number $k$ which maintains $c$ as an odd-graceful Coloring, is called \textit{odd-graceful chromatic number} for $G$. In the latter case we will denote the odd-graceful chromatic number of $G$ as $\mathcal{X}_{og}(G)=k$. Otherwise, if $G$ does not admit odd-graceful Coloring, we will denote its odd-graceful chromatic number as $\mathcal{X}_{og}(G)=\infty$. In this paper, we derived some facts of odd-graceful Coloring and determined odd-graceful chromatic numbers of some basic graphs.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2023
  • Volume: 

    14
  • Issue: 

    2
  • Pages: 

    109-120
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    32
  • Downloads: 

    1
Abstract: 

A rapidly developing field of science and technology is nanobiotechnology. Nanotube, nanostar and polyomino chain are critical and widespread molecular structures extensively used in the domains of pharmaceuticals, chemical engineering, and medical science. Additionally, these structures serve as the foundational building blocks for other, more intricate chemical molecular structures. In this paper, certain chemical structures like nanostar dendrimer, oxide network, silicate network, boron nanosheet and polyomino chains have been acyclically colored using the concept of vertex cut and matching. Also, we determine the acyclic Coloring parameters for the networks under consideration and find a relation between them.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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